These easy to program devices can read sensors, control relays, light up LEDs, and even talk to one another. Arduino Arduino is the most popular open source microcontroller platform on the market.Then, we will convert the declining values from 470 to 0 into increasing PWM values from 0 to 255 which is actually the speed of the motor. So if we move the Y axis of joystick backward and the value goes below 470 we will set the two motors rotation direction to backward using the four input pins. We will add a little tolerance and consider the values from 470 to 550 as center. When the joystick stays in its center position the value of both potentiometers, or axes is around 512. The joystick is actually made of two potentiometers which are connected to the analog inputs of the Arduino and they have values from 0 to 1023. I made the chassis out of 3 mm tick plywood, attached the motors to it using metal brackets, attached wheels to the motors and in front attached a swivel wheel.Īfter defining the pins, in the loop section, we start with reading the joystick X and Y axis values. As for the power supply, I chose to use three 3.7V Li-ion batteries, providing total of 11V. The same applies for the inputs 3 and 4 and the motor B.Īrduino Robot Car Control using L298N Motor Driver:Īll we need is 2 DC Motors, the L298N motor driver, an Arduino board and a joystick for the control. In case both inputs are same, either LOW or HIGH the motor will stop.
If input 1 is LOW and input 2 is HIGH the motor will move forward, and vice versa, if input 1 is HIGH and input 2 is LOW the motor will move backward. Using these pins we actually control the switches of the H-Bridge inside the L298N IC. Next, the Input 1 and Input 2 pins are used for controlling the rotation direction of the motor A, and the inputs 3 and 4 for the motor B. If we connect this pin to a Ground the motor will be disabled. If a jumper is present on this pin, the motor will be enabled and work at maximum speed, and if we remove the jumper we can connect a PWM input to this pin and in that way control the speed of the motor. The Enable A and Enable B pins are used for enabling and controlling the speed of the motor. In this case the 5V pin will be used as input as we need connect it to a 5V power supply in order the IC to work properly. But if the motor voltage is greater than 12V we must disconnect the jumper because those voltages will cause damage to the onboard 5V regulator. If the motor supply voltage is up to 12V we can enable the 5V regulator and the 5V pin can be used as output, for example for powering our Arduino board. The module have an onboard 5V regulator which is either enabled or disabled using a jumper. This depends on the voltage used at the motors VCC. The module can drive DC motors that have voltages between 5 and 35V, with a peak current up to 2A.The module has two screw terminal blocks for the motor A and B, and another screw terminal block for the Ground pin, the VCC for motor and a 5V pin which can either be an input or output. The L298N is a dual H-Bridge motor driver which allows speed and direction control of two DC motors at the same time. By activating two particular switches at the same time we can change the direction of the current flow, thus change the rotation direction of the motor.
On the other hand, for controlling the rotation direction, we just need to inverse the direction of the current flow through the motor, and the most common method of doing that is by using an H-Bridge.Īn H-Bridge circuit contains four switching elements, transistors or MOSFETs, with the motor at the center forming an H-like configuration. The low power Arduino PWM signal switches on and off the gate at the MOSFET through which the high power motor is driven. So depending on the size of the motor, we can simply connect an Arduino PWM output to the base of transistor or the gate of a MOSFET and control the speed of the motor by controlling the PWM output.
The average voltage depends on the duty cycle, or the amount of time the signal is ON versus the amount of time the signal is OFF in a single period of time. PWM DC Motor Control PWM, or pulse width modulation is a technique which allows us to adjust the average value of the voltage that’s going to the electronic device by turning on and off the power at a fast rate.
CAN YOU USE AN L298N MOTOR DRIVER FOR DC MOTORS HOW TO
We will learn how to control DC motors using the L298N motor driver and the Arduino board. L298N Motor Driver with Arduino Codes, Schematics:
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